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ANGRY YOUNG MAN - BECKETT, PINTER

letteratura inglese



ANGRY YOUNG MAN

As in poetry, in post-war years there are no grat schools, but the individualism dominant. The 1950s were characterized by neo-realism against the Modernism that led to social protest and its young writers were deeply dissatisfied with modern- 353h75d day life and they were called Angry Young Men, which expressed its left-wings ideologies. They were not interesed in politics but they spoke the difficult realation beetween young intellectuals and the world of work of bourgeois society that was hypocrisy to social problems with the Welfare State, where the only ideals were the social security and the material we-being. Aims was an important exponent of this group and created the manifesto with Lucky Jim and used the comicity against the society.


AFTER THE WAR

Ten years after the end of the war, all the olde values had benn swept away: there was nothing to believe in and nothing to fight for. To give a voice to this common dissatisfaction, it developed a general protest agains society. The declin of the British Empire and the Cold War generated a sense of uncertainty and angouscius. The socialist were frustrated in their hopes forme the horrors of Stalinism and the mass execution of anarchists in Catalogna and the policy of Labour party, that trasformed thier ideal state in a bureaucratic system.




THE THEATRE OF ABSURD

The theatre of absurd springs from feeling that the universe has been deprived of every form of values and the man's actions become senseless: the war has destoyed everything and the life becomes devoid of purpose and without religious roots. The main themes of the theatre are the meaninnlessness of the life and the lacj of communication beetween people. Beckett is the leader of this movement, others authors were Genet, Ionasco, Arrabal and Pinter. The absurdity of human condition was expressed by Camus and Sartre, but the using a rationalistic and conventional style.


BECKETT

The Beckett's originality is the feeling of absurdity that generates the divorce beetween man and his life and his consience is conditioned by death and by his tragic destiny and devoid of aim. Beckett did not use conventional technique: everything is abstract and irrationalbecause he wanted to show the irrational of human condition. For this reason his plays have nither beginning nor ending and the characters and the time are vague, the scenary is bare (a chair or a tree), the dialogues inchoerent, full of pause and the words are not important: the language has lost its funcion of communicarion, and Beckett used a common and informal language. Morover he reduce everything to essential.


WAITING FOR GODOT

The main thheme of "Waiting for Godot" were the waiting, the flows of time and the problem of communicarion. The play is not a tail of astory: the caracters would like to communicate but they aren't able to do it. They realize that the loneliness is the human illness. Godot rapresent the waiting of everybody and he can understand like God. In the play the author trying to answer to the questions of existence. The life has two inescapable limits: birth and death; and the flows of time geves only the illusion that somenthing can change, but in really it can't do it. In the plot, Vladimir and Estragon, two tramps, waiting: they spoke, sitting but nothing happens. After the first Act they told that Godot is arriving the next day and the same happens the next day. The scene ending with they that waiting yet Godot, that never arrivers.


PINTER

THE THEATRE OF ABSURD

Pinter can be considere like dramatist of the Absurd becaose he shares some qualities with Beckett: the atmosphere is vague and uncrtainty, for the same uses of the language, for the theme of communication. But in different with Beckett he can not be interpreted in a philosophical sense, because he semply want to represent the real life, but some the reccurrent presence of some themes and images can be interpreatation instincive. The language was called "Pinterish" or "Pinterisque" for the extreme realism, the colloquisms, the incorrect syntax and the many pauses.


THE THEATRE OF MENACE

In the "Comedy" of Menace he creates an atmosphere of mystery and suspence, where neither the author nor the audience can give a solution to the mystery. In his plys are recurrent two elements: the room, that rapresentin a comfortable refuge from external contac that is menaced from the outsider. The outsider is usually vague and mystery, and stand for any person or incident or an object that obliges man to get out of his routin to face his secret ego. It completly upsets the balance of their life, with the result of madness or death.


THE THEATRE OF LANGUAGE

For Pinter the man doesn't want to communicate, because he wants to know everything about the others but he doesn't want to spoke about himself, because he is ashamed. This reason expresses the lack of communication among men and their solitude.




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